Production Method Of Nylon Staple Fibers

  1. Melt spinning method:
  Raw material preparation: Polyamide resin is used as the main raw material. According to different product requirements, some additives such as stabilizers, lubricants, pigments, etc. may be added to improve the performance of the fiber or give it specific functions.
Melt spinning: Heat the polyamide resin to a molten state to make it a melt with a certain fluidity. The melt is extruded through a spinning machine to form continuous nylon filaments.
  Cooling and solidification: The extruded filaments are cooled by a medium such as air or water to quickly solidify the melt to form solid fibers.
  Oil application: Apply a layer of oil on the fiber surface to increase the softness, lubricity and antistatic properties of the fiber and reduce friction and adhesion between fibers.
  Stretching: Stretch the solidified fiber to improve the strength and orientation of the fiber. Stretching is usually carried out in multiple stages, including hot stretching and cold stretching. The properties of the fiber are adjusted by controlling parameters such as the stretching multiple and speed.
  Curling: The stretched fiber is curled to increase the fluffiness and softness of the fiber, making it closer to the performance and feel of natural fiber, and also improving the cohesion and spinnability of the fiber in subsequent textile processing. Curling can be done by mechanical curling or chemical curling. Through specific curling equipment, the fiber is formed into a certain curling shape and curling degree.
  Cutting: The curled fiber is cut according to the required length to become nylon staple fiber. The cutting length depends on different application requirements, generally between a few centimeters and more than ten centimeters.
  Packing: The cut staple fiber is packaged for storage, transportation and subsequent processing.
  2. Solution spinning method:
  Raw material preparation: Dissolve the polyamide resin in a suitable solvent to form a uniform spinning solution. Commonly used solvents include formic acid, dimethylformamide, etc.
  Spinning: The spinning solution is extruded through a spinneret and enters a coagulation bath. In the coagulation bath, the solvent interacts with the coagulant to precipitate the polyamide resin from the solution to form fibers.
  Subsequent processing: Similar to the melt spinning method, nylon staple fibers are obtained through subsequent processing steps such as stretching, curling, cutting, and packaging.
  In addition, there are some other production methods, such as electrospinning and centrifugal spinning, but these methods are relatively rarely used in large-scale industrial production of nylon staple fibers.